Conversion of Bioethanol to Diethyl Ether Catalyzed by Sulfuric Acid and Zeolite

  • Wahyu Fajar Winata Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
  • Karna Wijaya Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1831-3091
  • Suheryanto Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
  • Ady Mara Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia
  • Widi Kurniawati Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34311/jics.2020.03.3.151
Keywords: Bioethanol, Condensation reaction, Ethoxy ethane, Sulfuric acid, H-Zeolite

Abstract

Ethoxy ethane, or diethyl ether, has been successfully synthesized through the condensation reaction of bioethanol produced from fruit waste fermentation using acid-activated H-Zeolite, H2SO4/H-Zeolite, and H2SO4 as catalysts. Zeolite activation was carried out using the acidification method with 1 M, 2 M, 4 M, and 6 M  H2SO4 for 24 hours. Activated zeolites were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and NaOH titration. The condensation reaction of bioethanol was carried out by catalysis of  H2SO4/H-Zeolite with various concentrations of 1 M, 2 M, 4 M, and 6 M and catalyzed by 2 M, 4 M, and 6 M acid-activated H-Zeolite. The condensation reaction process was carried out with a ratio of bioethanol to catalyst of 2:1 (w/w) using the fractional distillation method. Ethoxy ethane resulting from the condensation reaction was characterized using a GC instrument.

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The results showed that zeolite activation using 2 M, 4 M, and 6 M H2SO4 increased the crystallinity and the acidity of natural zeolite from 1.50 mmol/gram to 2.50 mmol/gram. The optimum ethoxy ethane was obtained through the use of 2 M H2SO4/H-Zeolite and 2 M H2SO4-activated H-Zeolite as catalysts, yielding 23.72% and 22.43%, respectively. H2SO4/H-Zeolite homogeneous catalyst could produce ethoxy ethane in a greater amount than H-Zeolite catalyst.
Published
2020-12-30
How to Cite
Winata, W. F., Wijaya, K., Suheryanto, Mara, A., & Kurniawati, W. (2020). Conversion of Bioethanol to Diethyl Ether Catalyzed by Sulfuric Acid and Zeolite. Journal of the Indonesian Chemical Society, 3(3), 151. https://doi.org/10.34311/jics.2020.03.3.151
Issue
Vol 3 No 3 (2020): JICS, 30 December 2020 (pp 117-165)
Section
Full Paper

Copyright (c) 2020 Wahyu Fajar Winata, Karna Wijaya, Suheryanto, Ady Mara, Widi Kurniawati

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